Fasteners Introduce
Fasteners for connecting two or more parts (or components) fastened to become a kind of mechanical parts used in an overall general.
Fasteners for fastening connection to use and extremely broad class of mechanical parts. In all kinds of machinery, equipment, vehicles, ships, railroads, bridges, buildings, structures, tools, equipment, instrumentation and supplies above, you can see a wide variety of fasteners. It is characterized by many different specifications, the performance of different purposes, and standardization, serialization, universal kinds of degrees is also very high. Therefore existing national standards fasteners called standard fasteners, or referred to as standard parts.
Fasteners including: bolts, studs, screws, nuts, washers, pins
Fasteners, also known as the market standard parts. Is for fastening connection with a kind of mechanical parts, the application of an extremely broad. Fastener characteristics :: varieties of different specifications, the performance of different purposes, and standardization, serialization, high degree of generalization. Therefore, the existing national (industry) standard fasteners called standard fasteners, referred to as standard parts.
Due to the specific requirements of each specific fastener product specifications, dimensions, tolerances, weight, performance, surface conditions, labeling methods and acceptance inspection, marking and packaging, were provisions in several countries (industry) standard , such as Imperial, made in
Fasteners is the most widely used basic pieces of machinery. With
It usually includes the following 12 parts:
Bolts: two parts by the screw head and a cylinder (with external threads) a class of fasteners required in conjunction with a nut, and connecting two parts with through holes for fastening. This connection form said bolt connection. Nut unscrewed from the bolt, can make the two parts separately and therefore the bolt connection is detachably connected.
2. The stud: no head, only both ends of a class of outer threaded fasteners. Connection, one end of which must be screwed into the part with an inner threaded bore, the other end passes through the parts with a hole, and then screw on the nut, even if these two parts into a fastening connection see overall. This form of connection is called the stud connection, belong to the detachable connection. Mainly used is connected to the thickness of the one of the parts is larger, claim a compact structure, or demolition frequent occasions, inappropriate use of the screw connections.
3. Screws: by the screw head and two parts of a class of fasteners by end-use can be divided into three categories: machine screws, set screws, and special-purpose screws. The machine screw is mainly used for a tight set of threaded holes in the parts, and a fastening connection with a through hole parts the nut engagement is not required (this connection is called a screw connection in the form of detachable connection also belongs; can also in conjunction with the nut for the fastening connection between the two parts with a hole.) tight set screw is mainly used for the relative position between the two fixed parts. Special purpose screw eye bolts for lifting parts such use.
Nuts: with internal thread hole, the general shape was significant for flat hexagonal column Chengbian the square cylindrical or flat cylindrical, with bolts, studs or machine screws for fastening to connect the two parts, so that 's become a whole.
5 self-tapping screws: Similar to machine screws, but the screw thread of the special self-tapping screw threads. For fastening the connection of two thin metal member, so that as a whole, and the member prior system out orifice has a high hardness due to this screw can be screwed directly into the hole of the member, so that the member formation of the internal thread of the response. This connection type is also is a detachable connection.
6. Wood screws: is similar with machine screws, but the screw threads on the dedicated wood screw rib, can be directly screwed into the wood elements (or parts), for a band-pass hole of the metal (or metalloid) parts are connected together with a wooden components fastening. This connection is also is a detachable connection.
7. Washer: shape oblate ring fasteners. Plays an increasing part is connected to the contact surface area, and reduce the pressure per unit area and the role to protect the surface of the connecting part is not damaged; Another type resilient gasket disposed bolts, screws or nuts, between the supporting surface and the surface of the connecting part, also plays a role prevent the nut back loose.
The axial grooves or holes slot 8. Collar: supply mounted in the machine, the device plays a block move around on the shaft or the hole parts.
9 pin: mainly for part positioning with some available parts connected, fixed parts, power transmission, or lock other fasteners used.
Rivet: head and nail two parts constitute a class of fasteners for fastening to connect the two with a through-hole parts (or components) to make into a whole. This connection forms called rivet connection, or riveting. The case of non-detachable connection. Separately, must be destroyed on the rivet parts, because to make the two parts are connected together.
11. Assembly and connection of Vice: The assembly is the combination of supply fasteners, such as some kind of machine screws (or bolts, self screw) and flat washers (or spring washers, lock washers) a combination of supply; connection vice refers to some kind of special bolts, nuts and washers combination class fasteners, such as steel structure with high strength large hexagon head bolts to connect Vice.
12. Stud welding: Because light energy and nail head (or without nailhead) constitute a heterogeneous fasteners, welding method he fixed connection in a parts (or components) above, in order to connect with other parts.
Each the fastener product must involve several aspects of the standard:
1) Product size standard fasteners: the content specified product size; threaded products include the basic dimensions of the thread, the thread ending shoulder from the undercut and chamfers, the end of the part of the male thread size, etc. content.
2) the standard fastener product technical conditions. Also includes specific criteria for the content of the following aspects:
a) the tolerance standard fastener products: product size tolerances and geometric tolerance specified.
b) the fastener products machinery performance standards: specified the product mechanical performance level labeling method and the mechanical properties of the project and requirements aspects; Some fastener products will be changed this content to material properties or work performance aspects.
c) standard fastener products surface defects: specified in terms of the content of the product types of surface defects and specific requirements.
d) fastener products, surface treatment standards: specified types of surface treatment products and specific requirements.
e) the fastener product testing standard: the performance requirements specified in the test aspects of the content.
3) fastener product acceptance inspection, marking and packaging standards: sampling project eligibility level of quality and sampling programs, as well as the contents of the product logo and packaging requirements specified product factory acceptance.
4) Standard: fastener product labeling method specified in the product the complete labeling method and simplify the labeling method.
5) other standard fasteners: standard terminology such as fasteners, fastener products weight standards.
1 standard (commonly used is the German standard and American Standard)
GB (GB) ISO (International Standard)
DIN (German-made) JIS (Japanese standard)
ANSI / ASME (American National Standards Institute ANSI; American Society Of Mechanical Engineers ASME) (American Standard)
BS (Inch) IFI = Industrial Fastener Institute is the standard of the American Association of Industrial Fasteners BA (Inch)
2 thread
M. MF (Metric teeth)
UNC. (
UNF (US-made fine tooth)
The UNEF (U.S. superfine teeth)
BSW standard Wyeth coarse teeth series general purpose cylindrical thread (inch teeth)
BSF standard Wyeth fine tooth series, general purpose cylindrical thread (inch teeth)
fine pitch fine pitch thread
full thread full thread
The 3 screw head type
IHH = ind hex head saw hex head
Of PH = phillips Cross slot
Round Pan (pan head)
Oval countersunk head
H.W.H.. Hexagonal small flange
H.W.F. hexagonal Dafa blue
CSK the salad head (countersunk head)
Large wafer flat head
Bugle horn head
Truss disk headband pad
Pozi Metric groove
Serra-tion pads with flowers
Flower Head flowering head
6-bobes recess torx
Cup head cup head
4 common fasteners name
split washer spring washer (general manufacturers will pipe washer called "Washer)
flat washer flat washers
Self tapping screw self-tapping screws
Self drilling screw self drilling screws
drywall screw drywall screws / drywall screws / wall with screws
high and low high low screw Screw
the collated screw chain with screws
Concrete screw concrete screw
Tri-lobular thread screw triangle screws
kep nut locknut
acorn nut cap nut
wing washer airfoil gasket
eye bolt the Eyebolt (also called the eyebolt, in fact, this is called a lot, probably different sake)
Piston bolt piston screws
Winding bolt coil screw
Hexagon head bolts hex head bolts
Hexagon flange bolts hex flange bolts
Carriage bolt Carriage bolts
Square head bolt square head bolt
Flat countersink square neck bolts countersunk head square neck bolts
Shen headband mortise bolts Flat counter sunk nib bolts
Cross recessed pan head tapping screws Cross recessed pan head self-tapping screws
Screwdriver Bits Screwdriver Bits, including insert bits, driver Bits
Allen wrench Allen key
Torx key ring spanner
Nut setter hexagonal socket
Drill bits drills
Screwdriver Screwdrivers
(See drawings marked # 2 or # 20, is the head of the screw for the No. 2 or No. 20 screwdriver)
5 Surface treatment
BO = black oxide oxide black (if only marked black means do Blackening)
Zinc plated galvanized
cementation carburizing
nylon patch resistance drop (just see directly in accordance with the literal translation of "nylon", showed the manager to see when managers control drawings looked a long time told me that you go to check resistance fall of English, and sure enough --- )
6 other drawings may appear on label
Large diameter of the thread: Major Diam
In diameter: Pitch diam
Bottom diameter: Minor diam
Plug Gauge: Go / No go gage
Mechanical properties: mechanical and physical properties
the unified thread unification inch thread
The lustrate hydrogen after galvanizing to avoid hydrogen embrittlement plated, dehydroepiandrosterone prevent hydrogen embrittlement
Case carburization surface carburization
With across flats on the edge
With across corners diagonally
The Radius of fillet: under head fillet
Transition thread length excessive thread
Wrenching height pull screw height
Hardness of Rockwell chromium
Vickers Vickers hardness
Brinell Brinell hardness
Metallography microscope metallurgical microscope
Salt spray device salt spray chamber
Tensile testing machine tensile testing machine
Cold forming cold play
Hot forging red upsetting
P C 8 = property class 8 mechanical properties of 8
Raw material: Raw material
Ball annealing: Annealing
Cold drawing: Drawing
Cold heading: Forming
Machining: Machining
Thread Forming: Roll Threading
Heat treatment: heat-treatment
Surface treatment: finish
Dehydroepiandrosterone: Lustrating hydrogen
Inspection: Inspection
Packaging: Packing
Storage: Stocking
Lathe: lathe
Grinding: grinding
Red hit: hot forging
Stamping: punching
7 Customs Code
73,181,500 bolts
73181600 Nuts
73182100 washer
73,181,100 square head screws
73,182,300 rivets
73,181,400 tapping screws
73182400 pin and cotter pins
Commonly used abroad inch threaded code, name and standard No.
The tag Code Name (or uses) the Country Standard No. Remarks
BSW standard Wyeth coarse teeth series general purpose cylindrical thread British Standard
The BS84 tooth angle of 55 ° inch thread
The BSF standard fine pitch series Wyeth, general purpose cylindrical threaded
Wyeth selectable series, Whit.S additional general purpose cylindrical threaded
Whit Wyeth teeth type of non-standard thread
UN unified thread of constant pitch series American Standard
ANSIB1.1 standard dental (teeth bottom is flat or random rounding) of internal and external threads
UNC coarse thread series unified thread
The UNF Fine pitch unified thread series
The UNEF ultrafine teeth unified thread series
UNS ① special series unified thread
UNR-arc tooth bottom constant pitch series unified threaded arc the teeth end UNR, UNRC, UNRF
UNREF, UNRS used only for external thread internal thread
UNRC arc tooth bottom coarse thread series unified thread
UNRF the arc teeth bottom line teeth Series Unified threads
UNREF arc tooth bottom superfine teeth series unified thread
The arc tooth bottom UNRS special series unified thread
American Standard taper pipe thread, NPT ② general purpose
ANSIB
NPSC tube fittings straight pipe thread
NPTR guide rod taper pipe thread connection
The NPSM machinery connected with straight pipe thread
NPSL locknut straight pipe thread
NPSH hose connections with straight pipe thread
NPTF dry seal standard taper pipe thread American Standard
ANSIB1.20.3 Ⅰ type
PTF-SAE SHORT dry seal short taper pipe thread type Ⅱ
Dry seal standard fuel NPSF straight pipe thread type Ⅲ
Internal thread type Ⅳ in NPS1 dry seal standard general use straight pipe
ACME ③ general purpose trapezoidal thread American Standard
ANSIB1.5
Inch transmission thread tooth type angle of 29 °
① the same series of dimensions and tolerances using standard formulas to calculate the standard series outside diameter and pitch combination.
② of 60 ° tapered pipe thread GB/T12716-1991 its equivalent.
(3) ACME threaded include general purpose and centering of the two complexes, trapezoidal thread, trapezoidal threaded performance general-purpose use with our standard GB/T5796-1986 provisions similar